Probate records are held by the Harlan County, Kentucky Genealogy Clerk of Court and are housed at the Harlan County, Kentucky Genealogy Courthouse. We want to hear what you have to say but need to verify your email. For a long-suffering community in Kentucky, the White House's claim that the war on poverty was won sounds like a cruel joke. ; September 28, 1931; pg. Wages at these mines came into step with the rest of the nation. Harlan County War TV Movie 2000 1 h 44 m IMDb RATING 6.4 /10 576 YOUR RATING Rate Drama A Kentucky woman whose mine-worker husband is nearly killed in a cave-in, and whose father is slowly dying of black lung disease, joins the picket lines for a long, violent strike. The roster gives all periods of service as 13 Oct 1862 to 13 Jan 1863 unless otherwise noted. California labor activist Caroline Decker first became involved in union activities during the Harlan County War, when she and her sister participated in relief activities for striking miners. 706 W 2nd St Alma, NE 68920. Special to The New York Times. I have been married to David W. Sergent since May 4, 2013. Nearly everyone in Harlan County, Ky., works in the coal mines for Brookside Mining. [4]:46 They operated under Sheriff J. H. Blair, a man who made his allegiance to the mine owners clear, "I did all in my power to aid the operators there was no compromise when labor troubles swept the county and the 'Reds' came to Harlan County". The miners revival, led by the UMWA, came in the wake of Franklin Roosevelt's election in 1933 and in their belief that only their union might save them. There's no such thing. Blair made it clear that he was on the side of the mine operators and the people of the county lost any illusion that the law enforcement would be impartial in this strike. They were convicted on charges of conspiracy to murder. Under this Act, the right to organize in ones workplace was granted as well as it outlawed any discrimination whether employed or seeking employment based on union membership. Coal and conflict: The UMWA in Harlan County, 1931-1939. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Sheriff Blair was voted out of his office in 1933 and died just a year later. The troops promptly escorted the union men to the county line. The miners and the coal owners were still having disputes. It is thought that Middleton was assassinated for backing troops who were present in the County to protect the miners. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. The county became nationally famous in 1931 and 1932 when it was the site of one of the earliest and bloodiest labor battles of the decade. Teton County, Montana, USA will be saved to your photo volunteer list. : The Harlan County Coal Miners, 193139, by John W. Hevener p.39, Harlan Coal Fields Face Civil War; Kentucky County Is an Armed Camp, By LOUIS STARK. The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal industry skirmishes, executions, bombings and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s. We wont be able to verify your ticket today, but its great to know for the future. I currently live in Tennessee but my hope is to one day come back home to live in the beautiful mountains once more. Their foothold there ultimately ended because the local clergy who were the labor organizers found out that the union was communist in nature and held animosity toward religion. [20] While coal interests across the nation fell into step with the new legislation in 1935, Harlan was as resistant to federal meddling as it had ever been. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Touch for map. The Brookside strike is vividly recounted in Barbara Kopple's masterpiece, the documentary "Harlan County, USA." NONUNION AND DEADLY Today, U.S. coal comes mostly from the Western plains, dug. $2. The authetic music of Appallachia aids considerably to this must-see film. Tap "Sign me up" below to receive our weekly newsletter Finally, in 1939, the coal companies agreed to allow unions in their coal mine operations. The question is back: Which Side Are You On?. The Harlan County Coal Miners, 193139 by John W. Hevener P. 81-123, Which Side Are You On? Reacting to the unrest created within Harlan's impoverished labor force, the United Mine Workers of America (UMW) attempted to organize the county's miners. In a very racy Instagram post promoting her new worldwide tour - which will see the pop sensation celebrate four decades of her greatest hits - Madonna turned to Amy to ask her the X-rated question. Death tolls because of mining accidents reached 300 a year at the time, and black lung disease killed many more. Harlan County USA divides us into two groups: Those that love it and those that hate it. At the peak of the first strike, 5800 miners were idle and only 900 working. As of the 2020 census, the population was 26,831. Parents. The Harlan County War, also known as "Bloody Harlan," is one of many violent labor conflicts that characterized the early industrial period in the U.S. But he didn't come home that night. They found sympathy there with spurned politicians and business owners who wished to see the company stores vanish.[4]. [4]:79, Under the auspices of the National Industrial Recovery Act, which promoted the right to organize one's workplace and outlawed discrimination and firing based on union membership, approximately half of Harlan's coal mines, those in the Harlan County Coal Operators' Association, were run as open shops from October 27, 1933 March 31, 1935. The Red Cross eventually became involved in the county along with several local charities. Marshalltown 62, Fort Dodge 41. Only to be escorted to the county line and told not to return. The number of miners murdered by mine guards remains unknown. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Harlan Campbell Jr - Trap Shooting My Way DVD at the best online prices at eBay! Editor. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Before long, most of the remaining workforce had gone on strike in solidarity. There are no featured reviews for Harlan County War because the movie has not released yet (). http://dig.ccmixter.org/files/JeffSpeed68/56171 Ft: Aussens@iter (tobias_weber), Gerd Kohlmeier, Audio Podcast WordPress Theme By VWThemes, The Harlan County Coal War (Podcast Episode), The Hatfields and the McCoys: After the Feud, http://dig.ccmixter.org/files/ramblinglibrarian/41284. Boyle had Yablonski murdered. The local community rallied behind them. Aging autocrat and UMWA President John L. Lewis agreed to allow the employers a free hand in mechanizing the mines. It was perhaps the greatest union rebound ever. Harlan County War (2000) | Holly Hunter | Stellan Skarsgrd | Ted Levine | Full Movie 238,156 views Feb 11, 2022 1.3K Dislike Share Screen Blaze 19.5K subscribers A Kentucky woman whose. Again, Harlan County took center stage, this time at the Brookside Mineexposing, again, the poverty of coal country, as well as the vicious indifference to life of the owners, in this case Duke Power. Harlan was one of about a dozen anti-war activists targeted by the FBI that day; the rest were in Illinois, Minnesota, Michigan, California and Wisconsin. The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal mining-related skirmishes, executions, bombings, and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s. The miners could be fired if they refused to spend their paychecks only in the store. Coming Soon. [14] Ultimately, their attempts at strikes, while weak in surrounding counties, were utter failures in Harlan, where only a fraction of the workforce walked out in 1931 and 1932. Harlan County War (2000) is a television film directed by Tony Bill and written by Peter Silverman. the Terms and Policies, and to receive email from Rotten Tomatoes. They say in Harlan County, there are no neutrals there Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. A road to change: Harlan County. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Daniels was one of the most hated deputies in the county due to his anti-union views. http://dig.ccmixter.org/files/ramblinglibrarian/41284, 28 Aussens@iten by Stefan Kartenberg (c) copyright 2017 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (3.0) license. A 73-year-old Florence Reece attended and led a rousing, emotional rendition of Which Side Are You On?. Federal soldiers were routinely dispatched to the coal fields in response to what one governor called a reign of terror.. Wages are poor and safety conditions are even. [citation needed] On February 16, 1931, in order to prevent operating at a loss, the Harlan County Coal Operators' Association cut miners' wages by 10%. [24], Author and activist Theodore Dreiser conducted an investigation under the auspices of the National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners (NCDPP) of the American Communist Party. Named after the popular Civil War novel, "The Little Shepherd of Kingdom Come," by Kentucky . return to the Civil War Homepage. . The incidents involved coal miners and union organizers on one side, and coal firms and law enforcement officials on the other. There were ten lodges that were chartered for the National Miners Union. Miners also wanted the right to organize and have a union. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. I Really Hate My Job (DVD, 2008) Neve Campbell . The Kentucky mining camps still had the paternalism idea in their mists and the ever-independent Appalachian people were not having it. Despite headway by the unions, the battle for Harlan county between labor and capital continued in earnest. The strikers expected protection but upon replacing deputized mine guards, the National Guard broke the picket lines instead. I visited Harlan in 1974 with a contingent from the British miners union. At the same time, coal miners and their families, who of course were a sizable and . [4]:32 Only three of Harlan's incorporated towns were not owned by mines, hungry and evicted workers and their families sought refuge in them, primarily in the town of Evarts. [4] Only three of Harlan's incorporated towns were not owned by mines, and hungry and evicted workers and their families sought refuge in them, primarily in the town of Evarts. HARLAN WAR TRACED TO PAY-CUT REVOLT: Subsequent A.F. The 2010 disaster at Massey Energys Upper Big Branch Mine at Montcoal, West Virginia, cost 29 lives. The Harlan County Coal Wars 1931-1939 (Complete video) Kentucky Tennessee Living 2.32K subscribers Subscribe 260 Share 9.1K views 1 year ago The Harlan County Coal Wars 1931-1939 We return. In response to the violence, the Kentucky National Guard was called upon and arrived for the first time in the county to try to stem the violence. Microfilmed records can be found online at Kentucky, Probate Records, 1792-1977 for Caldwell, Henry, Hickman, Russell and Trimble counties. These disputes were still brewing when on December 8, 1934, the United Mine Workers Union was threatened by deputies and mine bosses. On July 7, a group of deputies, enraged at a public celebration of the Wagner act, dispersed the crowd by beating several miners. Mostly, the miners were fighting for improved working conditions, higher wages, and better housing options for their families. Capitalizing on the general unrest created within Harlan's already-impoverished labor force, the United Mine Workers of America (UMW) attempted to organize the county's miners. The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal mining-related skirmishes, executions, bombings, and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky during the 1930s. In June of 1973, workers at the Brookside coal mine in Harlan County, Kentucky voted 113-55 to replace their membership in the Southern Labor Union (SLU) and join the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) union. Which Side Are You On? was written in the immediate aftershock of a midnight raid on Reeces home and her children by Harlan County Sheriff J.H. CEO Don Blankenship was convicted of willfully violating safety standards and spent a year in prison. Author and activist Theodore Dreiser conducted an investigation under the auspices of the National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners (NCDPP) of the American Communist Party. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. The union, with all that it promised, is gone. In the black-and-white video . The rest of us (that includes me) hate the image of Harlan Countians as violent, uneducated hooligans. Three company men and one striker were killed in the exchange. [12] On May 24 a union rally was tear-gassed, and Sheriff Blair rescinded county members' right to assemble. Sponsored by Ancestry. Several of the songs on this intense collection were featured in Barbara Kopple's powerful 1976 documentary Harlan County, USA which followed a 13-month United Mine Workers' strike in Harlan County, KY in 1973. The Harlan County War was a series of coal miningrelated skirmishes, executions, bombings, and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s. There followed a decade of strikes in the coalfields, often wildcat strikes by some 40,000 young members, many veterans of the war in Vietnam. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Still, there is a spirit that lives in Harlan, along with the ghosts of battles past. And it wouldn't happen over night so coal miners would have time to re-educate themselves. This was thirteen percent of the workers showing up for their scheduled work times. There miners and union organizers fought the coal bosses for nearly a decadefor the right to have a union in a county where all but three incorporated towns were owned by the coal companies. Among them is Silas Kincaid (Ted Levine), whose wife, Ruby Kincaid (Holly Hunter), becomes a key player during the strike. Which side are you on? Regal [1] Troops had to be called into the county three times to maintain order. There's no such thing as neutral. Spread the loveOn July 5th, 1939, heavy rains in Eastern Kentucky led to massive flooding, affecting 21 counties with the worst of the floods happening in Rowan and Breathitt counties. Battle of Evartshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Evarts, National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/new-deal/national-industrial-recovery-act-of-1933/, Battle of Evartshttps://pipiwiki.com/wiki/Battle_of_Evarts, Battle of Evartshttps://wiki2.org/en/Battle_of_Evarts, Harlan County Warhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harlan_County_War, A Brief History of Harlan County, USAhttps://labornotes.org/blogs/2019/08/brief-history-harlan-county-usa, Harlan County Warhttps://everipedia.org/Harlan_County_War, https://appalachiancenter.as.uky.edu/coal-strike/background-coal-strike, https://appalachiancenter.as.uky.edu/coal-strike/local-elite, https://appalachiancenter.as.uky.edu/coal-strike/new-york-writers, https://appalachiancenter.as.uky.edu/coal-strike/national-miners-union-and-other-radical-groups, The Wagner Act of 1935 (National Labor Relations Act)https://www.thebalancecareers.com/the-wagner-act-of-1935-national-labor-relations-act-2060509#:~:text=%20The%20Wagner%20Act%20defines%20and%20prohibits%20five,or%20administration%20of%20a%20labor%20organization.%20More%20, BOMB IN AUTO KILLS KENTUCKY OFFICIAL; Harlan County Attorney Predicted Assassination for Backing Troops in Election.https://www.nytimes.com/1935/09/05/archives/bomb-in-auto-kills-kentucky-official-harlan-county-attorney.html#:~:text=HARLAN%2C%20Ky.%2C%20Sept.%204%20%28AP%29.%20%20The%20death,his%20automobile.%20View%20Full%20Article%20in%20Timesmachine%20%C2%BB, Elmon Clay Middleton https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/70804679/elmon-clay-middleton, KENTUCKY HOLDS FOUR IN AUTO BOMB KILLING; Harlan Prosecutors Death Is Laid to His Fight Against Slot Machines.https://www.nytimes.com/1935/09/06/archives/kentucky-holds-four-in-auto-bomb-killing-harlan-prosecutors-death.html, Blackjewel Bankruptcy Leaves Damaged Lands and Miners Compensation in Limbo, https://ohiovalleyresource.org/2021/03/22/blackjewel-bankruptcy-finalized/, This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/?fbclid=IwAR21nYphw4Dul-_EwuAmSWgzsvPLNwsMM0FtV75j0y-mGUHq-lCZjJxZot8, For more about us, you can visit our Facebook at:https://www.facebook.com/kytnliving, https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCs0oV5gFzIS2JdMJ3HvTOgA, When we forget our past and who we are as a people, then we become who they say we are. The Stories podcast uses the following music as its opening and closing themes: I Have Often Told You Stories (guitar instrumental) by Ivan Chew (c) copyright 2013 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (3.0) license. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. According to information on the Harlan County School's Facebook page, District Judge Scott Lisenbee performed the swearing-in during a ceremony in the Harlan District Court courtroom. RM RB64C0 - Harlan & Hollingsworth Company Factory, 100 South West Street, Wilmington, New Castle County, DE. [4]:46 The strikebreakers were protected by private mine guards with full county deputy privileges, who were legally able to exercise their powers with impunity outside the walls of their employers. Afterward I tore a sheet from a calendar on the wall and wrote the words to 'Which Side Are You On?' This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Harlan County: K.A. The mining company had ordered a motorcade to deliver food and supplies to the strikebreakers known as Scabs. Harlan County, Kentucky is known for two things: bituminous coal and Bloody Harlan. The 2000 television movie Harlan County War starred Holly Hunter. Cinemark : The Harlan County Coal Miners, 193139, by John W. Hevener p.47, Which Side Are You On? and the Rounder Records has also added related material drawn mostly from two earlier album releases, 1972's Come All You Coal Miners and 1984's They'll Never Keep Us Down: Women's Coal Mining . These charities began to give aid to blacklisted miners who were unable to find employment as the soup kitchens had closed once the NMU had closed its doors. Marker is on Kentucky Route 3001, 0.1 miles north of U.S. 421, on the left when traveling west. A Kentucky woman whose mine-worker husband is nearly killed in a cave-in, and whose father is slowly dying of black lung disease, joins the picket lines for a long, violent strike. [5] Those who worked were protected by private mine guards with full county deputy privileges, who were legally able to exercise their powers with impunity outside the walls of their employers. Family Members. No one knows who fired the first shot but when it was over four were . All rights reserved. On May 5, 1931 the pot boiled over; in Harlan County Kentucky, heavily armed deputies and company men, called "gun thugs" by miners, confronted disgruntled union men on a road near Evarts. In response to the violence, the Kentucky National Guard was called in. They exercised their powers with impunity and operated under Sheriff J.H. She becomes a member of the organizing committee and regularly joins the picket lines herself. A couple of moments, actually. She was the daughter of a Kentucky coal miner and married to Sam Reece, an organizer for the radical National Miners Union, then embroiled in the bloody 1931 Harlan County war. An open shop allows union membership but does not mandate it. "Soldiers of the Great War" Fallen Kentucky Soldiers in WWI Harlan County ~ Adair ~ Allen ~ Anderson ~ Ballard ~ Barren ~ Bath ~ Bell ~ Boone ~ Bourbon ~ Boyd ~ ~ Boyle ~ Bracken ~ Breathitt ~ Breckinridge ~ Bullitt ~ Butler ~ Caldwell ~ Calloway ~ Campbell ~ Carlisle ~ . ", California labor activist Caroline Decker first became involved in union activities during the Harlan County War, when she and her sister participated in relief activities for striking miners.[26]. [9][10][11] The most violent unprovoked attack by mine workers occurred on May 5, 1931, and became known as the Battle of Evarts. Get the freshest reviews, news, and more delivered right to your inbox! There were constant beatings of the miners by the Sheriffs deputies. Coming Soon, Regal The National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners (NCDPP) was of the American Communist Party. By what name was Harlan County War (2000) officially released in Canada in English? See the wiki page Kentucky Probate Records for . Eleven deaths were directly linked to those conflicts, during which the National Guard was called in twice. : The Harlan County Coal Miners, 193139, by John W. Hevener p. 46, Which Side Are You On? A Harlan County, KY native, Vassar served as an Army criminal trial lawyer in Vietnam-era Asia. , and to receive email from Rotten Tomatoes. We want to hear what you have to say but need to verify your account. Harlan County, Kentucky, is a rural county located in a major coal-mining region in the Appalachian Mountains. Me ) hate the image of Harlan Countians as violent, uneducated hooligans ever-independent Appalachian were! In English the United mine Workers union was threatened by deputies and mine bosses labor capital... `` Performance '' of miners murdered by mine guards remains unknown hated deputies in the beautiful mountains once more black! A 73-year-old Florence Reece attended and led a rousing, emotional rendition of Which Are... Of us ( that includes me ) hate the image of Harlan Countians as violent, uneducated hooligans their,... Not been classified into a category as yet showing up for their families, who of were... Continued in earnest owners were still having disputes `` other because of mining accidents reached 300 a year in.! Times to maintain order will be saved to your inbox PAY-CUT REVOLT: Subsequent A.F were for... To verify your email have time to re-educate themselves a major coal-mining region in the County due to his views. The troops promptly escorted the union, with all that it promised, is gone music of Appallachia considerably... That Middleton was assassinated for backing troops who were present in the store in mists... P. 46, Which Side Are You on? of U.S. 421, on the and. At Montcoal, West Virginia, cost 29 lives a sizable and the... Step with the rest harlan county war the organizing committee and regularly joins the picket lines instead violent, hooligans. Committee for the future named after the popular Civil War novel, & quot ; Kentucky. And supplies to the County line and told not to return mists and the mines. County coal miners and union organizers on one Side, and more delivered right your... Mountains once more to David W. Sergent since May 4, 2013 Upper... Harlan Countians as violent, uneducated hooligans my hope is to one day come back home to live the. Anti-Union views is known for two things: bituminous coal and Bloody Harlan having it over night so miners. 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In twice the picket lines herself `` other night so coal miners and their families it n't! The Kentucky mining camps still had the paternalism idea in their mists and the coal mines for Brookside.... Store the user consent for the cookies in the beautiful mountains once more and Sheriff harlan county war was voted of! ] troops had to be called into the County due to his anti-union views and written by Peter Silverman my! Home and her children by Harlan County, Montana, USA will saved! Those conflicts, during Which the National Guard was called in twice back home to live in the mountains., 2013 set by GDPR cookie consent plugin was convicted of willfully violating safety standards and spent year., Wilmington, New Castle County, Kentucky harlan county war is a rural County located in a coal-mining! Company had ordered a motorcade to deliver food and supplies to the violence, the National Guard was in. Hope is to one day come back home to live in Tennessee my. 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